Summary of the phylogenetic variability within and among the four major clades, clades age estimates according to three hypotheses of molecular calibration and calibrations of absolute substitution rates per millions years of COI sequences based on geology.

aassuming a ‘minimum’ substitution rate of 0.005 substitution per Myr [38], [40].
bassuming a ‘fish’ substitution rate of 0.012 substitution per Myr [39].
cassuming a ‘vertebrate’ substitution rate of 0.02 substitution per Myr [38].
dcalibration based on the mean K2P distance among species within clade IB and assuming that most speciation event in clade IB are related with the uplift of the Mok ridge [41], [42].
eestimated geological age for the uplift of the Lengguru arch [41], [42].
fsubstitution rate estimated based on the calibration with the geological age for the uplift of the Mok ridge.