HTAP_v3 emission mosaic

The HTAP_v3 emission mosaic is developed under the umbrella of the Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (TF-HTAP) and responds to the need of the global and regional atmospheric modelling community of having a mosaic emission inventory of air pollutants that conforms to specific requirements: global coverage, long time series, spatially distributed emissions with high time resolution, and a high sectoral resolution. The mosaic approach of integrating official regional emission inventories based on locally reported data, with a global inventory based on a globally consistent methodology, allows modellers to perform simulations of a high scientific quality while also ensuring that the results remain relevant to policymakers. HTAP_v3, an ad-hoc global mosaic of anthropogenic inventories, has been developed by integrating official inventories over specific areas (North America, Europe, Asia including Japan and Korea) with the independent Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) inventory for the remaining world regions. The results are spatially and temporally distributed emissions of SO2, NOx, CO, NMVOC, NH3, PM10, PM2.5, Black Carbon (BC), and Organic Carbon (OC), with a spatial resolution of 0.1 x 0.1 degree and time intervals of months and years covering the period 2000-2018. The emissions are further disaggregated to 16 anthropogenic emitting sectors. This paper describes the methodology applied to develop such an emission mosaic, reports on source allocation, differences among existing inventories, and best practices for the mosaic compilation. One of the key strengths of the HTAP_v3 emission mosaic is its temporal coverage, enabling the analysis of emission trends over the past two decades. The development of a global emission mosaic over such long time series represents a unique product for global air quality modelling and for better-informed policy making, reflecting the community effort expended by the TF-HTAP to disentangle the complexity of transboundary transport of air pollution. The emission data are available in the following formats: 1) Time series (2000-2018) of monthly and annual emissions by sector and country as .xls files. 2) Emission gridmaps: Monthly emission (in Mg/month) gridmaps at 0.1x0.1degree resolution: one .NetCDF file per year and substance is produce including for each sector the emissions for the 12 months. Monthly gridmaps of emission fluxes (in kg/m2/s) at 0.1x0.1degree resolution: one .NetCDF file per year and substance is produce including for each sector the emission fluxes for the 12 months. Annual emission (in Mg/year) gridmaps at 0.1x0.1degree resolution: one .NetCDF file per year and substance is produce including the emissions for each sector. Annual emission (in kg/m2/s) gridmaps at 0.1x0.1degree resolution: one .NetCDF file per year and substance is produce including the emission fluxes for each sector. To facilitate data access and use, gridmaps at 0.5x0.5 degree resolution are also made available following the abovementioned specifications of the higher spatial resolution data (0.1x0.1 degree).

HTAP_v3排放镶嵌数据集是在半球大气污染传输特别工作组（Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution，简称TF-HTAP）的框架下开发的，旨在满足全球及区域大气模拟领域对符合特定要求的大气污染物镶嵌式排放清单的需求：具备全球覆盖范围、长时间序列、高时间分辨率的空间分布式排放以及高行业分辨率。
该镶嵌式编制方法将基于本地上报数据的官方区域排放清单，与采用全球统一方法学的全球清单进行整合，可支持建模人员开展兼具高科学质量的模拟工作，同时确保模拟结果对政策制定者仍具备参考价值。HTAP_v3作为一款临时构建的全球人为源排放清单镶嵌数据集，通过整合北美、欧洲、包括日韩在内的亚洲等特定区域的官方清单，并与剩余世界区域采用的独立全球大气研究排放数据库（Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research，简称EDGAR）清单完成整合构建。
该数据集包含2000-2018年间的二氧化硫（SO₂）、氮氧化物（NOₓ）、一氧化碳（CO）、非甲烷挥发性有机化合物（NMVOC）、氨（NH₃）、可吸入颗粒物（PM₁₀）、细颗粒物（PM₂.₅）、黑碳（Black Carbon，简称BC）以及有机碳（Organic Carbon，简称OC）的时空分布式排放数据，空间分辨率为0.1°×0.1°，时间分辨率涵盖月际与年际尺度。上述排放数据还进一步细分为16个人为源排放行业。
本论文详述了构建该排放镶嵌数据集所采用的方法学，汇报了污染源分配方案、现有清单间的差异以及清单编制的最佳实践。HTAP_v3排放镶嵌数据集的核心优势之一在于其时间覆盖范围，可支持对过去二十年的排放趋势开展分析。构建如此长时序的全球排放镶嵌数据集，是一款面向全球空气质量模拟与科学政策制定的独特成果，也体现了TF-HTAP工作组为厘清大气污染跨界传输复杂性所付出的共同体努力。
排放数据提供以下格式的版本：
1. 按行业与国家分类的2000-2018年月度、年度排放时间序列数据，格式为.xls文件。
2. 排放格点数据：
- 空间分辨率为0.1°×0.1°的月度排放量（单位：兆克/月，Mg/month）格点数据：按年份与污染物种类分别生成单个NetCDF文件，每个文件包含对应12个月份各行业的排放量；
- 空间分辨率为0.1°×0.1°的月度排放通量（单位：千克/平方米/秒，kg/m²/s）格点数据：按年份与污染物种类分别生成单个NetCDF文件，每个文件包含对应12个月份各行业的排放通量；
- 空间分辨率为0.1°×0.1°的年度排放量（单位：兆克/年，Mg/year）格点数据：按年份与污染物种类分别生成单个NetCDF文件，每个文件包含各行业的年度排放量；
- 空间分辨率为0.1°×0.1°的年度排放通量（单位：千克/平方米/秒，kg/m²/s）格点数据：按年份与污染物种类分别生成单个NetCDF文件，每个文件包含各行业的年度排放通量。
为方便数据获取与使用，同时还提供空间分辨率为0.5°×0.5°的格点数据，其遵循上述高空间分辨率（0.1°×0.1°）数据的相关规范。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

HTAP_v3排放马赛克数据集是一个全球人为空气污染物排放清单，由半球空气污染传输任务组开发，通过整合区域官方清单和全球EDGAR清单实现高精度覆盖。该数据集提供2000-2018年期间SO2、NOx、CO等九种污染物的月度和年度排放数据，空间分辨率为0.1x0.1度，并细分为16个排放部门，以支持大气建模和政策分析。数据以Excel时间序列和NetCDF网格图格式提供，包括高分辨率（0.1度）和低分辨率（0.5度）版本，便于全球空气质量研究和跨边界污染传输分析。