Effective field theory of baryon spectroscopy and electromagnetic processes in lattice QCD

In recent years, significant advancements in computing technology have enabled major breakthroughs in baryon spectroscopy using lattice quantum chromodynamics, providing first-principles computational support for understanding quantum chromodynamics in the non-perturbative regime. Its scope has expanded from the strong interaction to include electromagnetic and weak interaction processes. Effective field theories play a crucial role in extrapolating lattice quantum chromodynamics results obtained under unphysical parameters to the physical region. This article focuses on reviewing the latest achievements of Hamiltonian effective field theory in interpreting lattice quantum chromodynamics data, particularly its applications in studying nucleon excited states and hyperon spectra. By simultaneously fitting experimental scattering data and lattice energy spectra, Hamiltonian effective field theory effectively constrains model parameters, revealing the internal structure and dynamical generation mechanisms of these resonances. Furthermore, the article discusses the extension of Hamiltonian effective field theory to electromagnetic processes.