Data from: Empirical and theoretical investigation into the potential impacts of insecticide resistance on the effectiveness of insecticide-treated bed nets

In spite of widespread insecticide resistance in vector mosquitoes throughout Africa, there is limited evidence that long lasting insecticidal bed nets (LLINs) are failing to protect against malaria. Here, we showed that LLIN contact in the course of host-seeking resulted in higher mortality of resistant Anopheles spp. mosquitoes than predicted from standard laboratory exposures with the same net. We also found that sub-lethal contact with an LLIN caused a reduction in blood feeding and subsequent host-seeking success in multiple lines of resistant mosquitoes from the lab and the field. Using a transmission model, we showed that when these LLIN-related lethal and sub-lethal effects were accrued over mosquito lifetimes, they greatly reduced the impact of resistance on malaria transmission potential under conditions of high net coverage. If coverage falls, the epidemiological impact is far more pronounced. Similarly, if the intensity of resistance intensifies, the loss of malaria control increases non-linearly. Our findings help explain why insecticide resistance has not yet led to wide scale failure of LLINs, but reinforce the call for alternative control tools and informed resistance management strategies.

尽管非洲各地的媒介蚊虫（vector mosquitoes）已广泛产生抗药性，但鲜有证据表明长效杀虫蚊帐（long lasting insecticidal bed nets, LLINs）无法抵御疟疾。本研究表明，蚊虫在寻找宿主过程中接触LLINs，其死亡率高于使用同款蚊帐的标准实验室暴露实验所预测的抗药性按蚊属（Anopheles spp.）蚊虫的死亡率。本研究还发现，与LLINs发生亚致死接触，会减少实验室及野外来源的多株抗药性蚊虫的吸血行为，并降低其后续宿主搜寻成功率。通过传播模型（transmission model）分析，我们发现：若将这些与LLINs相关的致死与亚致死效应在蚊虫整个生命周期中累积，在高蚊帐覆盖率条件下，抗药性对疟疾传播潜力（malaria transmission potential）的影响会大幅降低。若覆盖率下降，其流行病学影响（epidemiological impact）会更为显著。同样地，若抗药性强度进一步提升，疟疾防控成效的损失会呈非线性增长。本研究结果有助于解释为何抗药性尚未导致LLINs大规模失效，同时也呼吁研发替代防控工具并制定科学的抗药性管理策略。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集基于一项实证与理论研究，探讨杀虫剂抗性对长效杀虫蚊帐（LLINs）有效性的潜在影响。研究发现，蚊帐接触能导致抗性蚊媒的致死和亚致死效应，从而在高覆盖率条件下减缓抗性对疟疾传播的影响，但覆盖率下降或抗性增强会加剧控制失效风险。数据集包含实验数据文件，支持相关分析和模型验证。