中国1km分辨率月最低温度数据集（1901-2024）

该数据为中国逐月最低温度数据，空间分辨率为0.0083333°（约1km），时间为1901.1-2024.12。数据格式为NETCDF，即.nc格式。数据单位为0.1 ℃。该数据集是根据CRU发布的全球0.5°气候数据集以及WorldClim发布的全球高分辨率气候数据集，通过Delta空间降尺度方案在中国降尺度生成的。并且，使用496个独立气象观测点数据进行验证，验证结果可信。本数据集包含的地理空间范围是全国主要陆地（包含港澳台地区），不含南海岛礁等区域。nc数据可使用ArcMAP软件打开制图; 并可用Matlab软件进行提取处理，Matlab发布了读入与存储nc文件的函数，读取函数为ncread，切换到nc文件存储文件夹，语句表达为：ncread (‘XXX.nc’,‘var’, [i j t],[leni lenj lent])，其中XXX.nc为文件名，为字符串需要’’；var是从XXX.nc中读取的变量名，为字符串需要’’；i、j、t分别为读取数据的起始行、列、时间，leni、lenj、lent i分别为在行、列、时间维度上读取的长度。这样，研究区内任何地区、任何时间段均可用此函数读取。Matlab的help里面有很多关于nc数据的命令，可查看。数据坐标系统建议使用WGS84。

This dataset provides monthly minimum temperature data across China, with a spatial resolution of 0.0083333° (approximately 1 kilometer), spanning the period from January 1901 to December 2024. The data is stored in NETCDF format (i.e., .nc files), and the unit of measurement is 0.1 ℃.

This dataset was generated via spatial downscaling over China using the Delta spatial downscaling scheme, based on the global 0.5° climate dataset released by CRU and the global high-resolution climate dataset released by WorldClim. It was validated against 496 independent in-situ meteorological observation station datasets, and the validation results confirm its high credibility.

The spatial scope of this dataset covers the main terrestrial areas of China (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions), excluding areas such as the South China Sea Islands and reefs.

The .nc format data can be opened and used for cartographic visualization with ArcMAP software, and can also be extracted and processed with Matlab. Matlab provides built-in functions for reading and writing .nc files, with the primary reading function being `ncread`. Navigate to the directory where the target .nc file is stored, and the usage syntax is: `ncread('XXX.nc', 'var', [i j t], [leni lenj lent])`, where `XXX.nc` is the filename (a string enclosed in single quotes); `var` is the name of the variable to be extracted from `XXX.nc` (also a string enclosed in single quotes); `i`, `j`, and `t` respectively represent the starting indices of the row, column, and time dimensions for data extraction, while `leni`, `lenj`, and `lent` respectively denote the lengths of the extracted data along the row, column, and time dimensions. With this function, any region and any time period within the study area can be successfully extracted. A comprehensive set of commands related to .nc file processing are available in the Matlab Help documentation for further reference. It is recommended to use the WGS84 coordinate system when processing this dataset.

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背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是中国1901年至2024年逐月最低温度数据，空间分辨率高达约1公里，数据单位为0.1℃，基于CRU和WorldClim全球气候数据通过Delta降尺度方法生成，并经过496个气象站点验证，确保可靠性。数据集覆盖全国主要陆地（含港澳台），格式为NETCDF，需按规范引用相关文献，适用于长期气候分析和研究。