Oxidative Phenotyping and Histochemical Mapping in Salicornia europaea

This dataset accompanies the study “Decoding Salinity Tolerance in Salicornia europaea L.: Image-Based Oxidative Phenotyping and Histochemical Mapping of Pectin and Lignin.” The purpose of the dataset is to provide comprehensive image-based and quantitative measurements describing oxidative stress and structural defence responses in four inland populations of Salicornia europaea exposed to controlled salinity gradients. The dataset contains colourimetric and computer vision system (CVS)-derived data from shoot and root tissues subjected to 0, 200, 400, and 1000 mM NaCl. Oxidative stress responses were assessed through lipid peroxidation (MDA accumulation, visualized with Schiff’s reagent) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) accumulation (DAB staining), quantified via image analysis in the CIELab color space. In parallel, histochemical image data document pectin and lignin distribution in shoot tissues, providing a structural context for salt-induced cell wall remodeling. The scope of the dataset is to enable reproducible, non-destructive phenotyping of salinity tolerance mechanisms. It covers multiple biological replicates from four distinct inland populations: Inowrocław and Ciechocinek (Poland), Salzgraben-Salzdahlum (Salz), and Soltauquelle (Germany). The data allow for comparative analysis of population-specific oxidative and structural responses, supporting integrative studies on stress physiology, phenotypic plasticity, and ecotype-level adaptation in halophytes. This dataset is intended for researchers interested in plant stress biology through a non-destructive approach, cell wall dynamics, image-based phenotyping, and the identification of salt-tolerant ecotypes for saline agriculture.