Characteristics of included studies.

*Details in S7 Table; for risk of bias, numerator indicates the number of “low risk” categories as per the Cochrane tool (higher fractions have a lower risk of bias).
†Patients acted as their own controls.
‡NYHA class only reported for patients who died: 5 class IV, 4 class III, and one class II.
ACS = acute coronary syndrome; AF = atrial fibrillation; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DC = dilated cardiomyopathy; DM: diabetes mellitus; ECG = electrocardiogram; EF = ejection fraction; HaH = hospital at home; HC = hypertensive cardiopathy; HCE = hypercholesterolemia; HTN = hypertension; IHD = ischemic heart disease; IV = intravenous; NR = not reported; NYHA = New York Heart Association; OT = occupational therapy; PC = prospective cohort; PT = physical therapy; RC = restrictive cardiomyopathy; RCT = randomized controlled trial; RD = respiratory disease; RF = renal failure; RH = routine hospitalization; RI = respiratory infection; SD = standard deviation; VD = valve disease.
Characteristics of included studies.