Effects of acute cadmium exposure on biochemistry, oxidative stress, and transcriptomics in Songpu Mirror Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

This study elucidated that acute aqueous Cd exposure leads to significant changes in serum parameters, hepatic antioxidant responses, and transcript levels in Matsuura mirror carp. Chronic Cd exposure reduced serum levels of TP, T CHO, leading to abnormal serum parameters. When Cd caused oxidative stress above the threshold in Matsuura mirror carp, MDA content in the liver was significantly increased, the Keap1 Nrf2 pathway balance was disrupted, and the antioxidant defense system failed. Transcriptomic data showed that the pathway changes in lipid metabolism and immune response were the most obvious, and immunization was only studied to the transcriptional level at present, and further validation is needed at the gene level in the future.This study provides fundamental insights into the detoxification and immune responses of the Mirror Carp (Cyprinus carpio) from Matsuura, and emphasizes the need for improved water quality testing on aquaculture farms to reduce the risk of Cd toxicity, and provides a theoretical basis for indepth studies of the molecular mechanisms underlying the response of aquatic animals to Cd contamination.