Parameter estimates for bivariate latent difference score models.

Note. Dual Change = Parameters for initial dual change models; CFA = .94, RMSEA = .064 (90%CI: .059-.069). Full coupling = parameters for final coupling model with all possible parameters. In each case, covariates were included in the model, as specified; CFA = .95, RMSEA = .061 (90%CI: .057-.066). All parameters represent unstandardized fixed effects portions of models. μY0 = fixed intercept or starting point; μS = fixed slope (i.e., constant change component); β = proportional change component; γ = coupled proportional change; φ = coupled constant change component; ξ = coupled proportional change component. Estimates in italics are not significant at the p Parameter estimates for bivariate latent difference score models.