Data for: Potential effect of carnosine encapsulated niosomes in age-related protein modifications

Protein modification and alteration are important factors in many age-related diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease. Modifications like the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) can cause harm to the organism and may contribute to protein aggregation and amyloid fibrils formation. Carnosine was used as a potential solution for protein modification complications. Furthermore, some organs like the brain are difficult to reach due to the blood-brain barrier. As such, new nano-engineered formulations were sought to bypass unwanted interactions and degradation. Thus, we propose the encapsulation of carnosine in niosomes as a potential solution. Initially, carnosine niosomes were synthesized and characterized. Then, modifications of bovine serum albumin (glycation, oxidation, and aggregation) were induced in vitro where carnosine and carnosine niosomes were added at different concentrations (2.5, 5, and 10mM) to the reactions. In addition, biocomputational and docking studies were performed to elucidate the potential interactions. Data showed a dose-dependent inhibition of AGE, AOPP, and aggregation for both carnosine and niosome carnosine. Furthermore, the results suggest that carnosine interacts with specific amino acids implicated in the protein modification process. Carnosine nano-formulation shows promising potential in age-related protein modification and needs further exploration of its mechanisms.

蛋白质的修饰与改变是多种与年龄相关的疾病，如糖尿病和阿尔茨海默病的重要因素。诸如高级糖基化终产物（AGE）和高级氧化蛋白产物（AOPP）的形成等修饰，可能对生物体造成损害，并可能促成蛋白质聚集和淀粉样纤维的形成。卡诺辛被用作解决蛋白质修饰并发症的潜在方案。此外，由于血脑屏障的存在，一些器官如大脑难以触及。因此，寻求新的纳米工程化制剂以规避不希望的相互作用和降解成为研究目标。因此，我们提出了将卡诺辛封装于脂质体中的潜在解决方案。最初，合成了卡诺辛脂质体并对其进行了表征。随后，在体外诱导了牛血清白蛋白（糖基化、氧化和聚集）的修饰，并在不同浓度（2.5、5和10mM）下向反应体系中添加了卡诺辛和卡诺辛脂质体。此外，还进行了生物计算和对接研究，以阐明潜在的相互作用。数据显示，卡诺辛和脂质体卡诺辛对AGE、AOPP和聚集的抑制呈剂量依赖性。此外，结果提示卡诺辛与蛋白质修饰过程中涉及的特定氨基酸发生相互作用。卡诺辛纳米制剂在年龄相关蛋白质修饰方面展现出有前景的潜力，其作用机制需要进一步探究。