<b>Domestic and international research on</b><b> </b><b>river and lake health</b><b> in the past thirty-five years</b>

River and lake ecosystems are crucial for global biodiversity, flood control, and water purification. In recent years, research on river and lake health has garnered increasing attention. This paper uses bibliometric tools, such as VOSviewer, to construct knowledge maps and analyze key indicators, including co-citation analysis, keyword burst detection, and author network analysis. This study provides a comprehensive review of the literature on river and lake health over the past thirty-five years, identifying key scholars, journals, and countries, and analyzing current research trends. Additionally, centrality and density metrics are calculated to assess the academic network structure and key influences within the field. The paper highlights China’s significant role in this area and outlines both domestic and international indicator systems for assessing river and lake health.Additionally, the paper reviews commonly used assessment methods, discusses their strengths and weaknesses, identifies issues in current research, and suggests future research directions.河湖生态系统对全球生物多样性维持、防洪及水体净化均具有至关重要的意义。近年来，河湖健康相关研究愈发受到学界关注。本文借助VOSviewer等文献计量工具构建知识图谱并开展关键指标分析，涵盖共被引分析、关键词突现检测以及作者网络分析等内容。本研究对过去35年间的河湖健康相关文献开展系统性综述，梳理出该领域的核心学者、权威期刊与主要研究国家，并剖析当前研究热点趋势。此外，本研究通过计算中心性与密度指标，对该领域的学术网络结构与核心影响力主体进行评估。本文着重阐明了中国在该领域的重要地位，并梳理了国内外主流的河湖健康评价指标体系。此外，本文还综述了当前常用的河湖健康评价方法，探讨其优缺点，指明当前研究存在的不足，并对未来研究方向提出建议。