DNA Metabarcoding of epiphytic diatoms in the Euphrates-Tigris rivers

The Euphrates-Tigris region in the Middle East faces significant pressures from overuse, salinization, and climate change, impacting water quality. Diatoms (Bacillariophyta), as crucial primary producers in aquatic ecosystems, serve as key bioindicators of water quality. Traditional microscopic identification requires specialized skills and can lead to inaccuracies. DNA metabarcoding provides a more precise and efficient method for studying diatom biodiversity. Therefore, the 18SV4 gene was used to enhance our understanding of epiphytic diatom communities in the Euphrates-Tigris region and to assess the status of taxonomic coverage in this area.