SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complex enhances MEP50:PRMT5 methyltransferase activity
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The hSWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complex can be found in association with PRMT5:WDR77, enhancing its methyltransferase activity towards histone substrates. Histone H3 arginine-9 (H3R8) and histone H4 arginine-4 (H4R3) are the preferred methylation sites of hSWI/SNF-associated PRMT5 (Pal et al. 2004).<br><br>SWI/SNF complexes are a family of ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling complexes involved in the activation and repression of gene transcription. They generate nucleosomes with altered positions, nucleosomes with DNA loops and nucleosomes that are capable of exchanging histone dimers or octamers (Racki & Narlikar 2008).<br><br>The core of the hSWI/SNF complex contains SMARCA4 (BRG1/BAF190A) or SMARCA2 (hBrm/BAF190B), SMARCC1 (BAF155), SMARCC2 (BAF170) and SMARCB1 (INI1) plus a variable number of additional subunits (Wang et al. 1996, Phelan et al. 1999, Reisman et al. 2009). SMARCA4 or SMARCA2 are the catalytic ATPase subunits. SMARCC1 and SMARCC2 are 62% identical to each other at the protein level (Wang et al. 1996). Loss of the SMARCB1 subunit (SWI/SNF-related matrix associated actin dependent regulator of chromatin B1) is a recurrent genetic characteristic of malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT), a rare and aggressive pediatric cancer (Versteege et al. 1998, Biegel et al.1999). SMARCB1 mouse knockouts cause early embryonic lethality; heterozygous loss predisposes mice to MRT-like tumors (Klochendler-Yeivin et al. 2000, Roberts et al. 2000, Guidi et al. 2001). Actin and actin-related proteins found in hSWI/SNF complexes and are believed to facilitate nuclear matrix association (Zhao et al. 1998, Rando et al. 2002).
hSWI/SNF染色质重塑复合体可与其相关联的PRMT5:WDR77结合,从而增强其对组蛋白底物的甲基转移酶活性。组蛋白H3精氨酸-9(H3R8)和组蛋白H4精氨酸-4(H4R3)是hSWI/SNF相关联的PRMT5(Pal等人,2004年)的优先甲基化位点。<br><br>SWI/SNF复合体家族是一类依赖ATP的染色质重塑复合体,参与基因转录的激活和抑制。它们生成具有改变位置的核小体、具有DNA环的核小体以及能够交换组蛋白二聚体或八聚体的核小体(Racki与Narlikar,2008年)。<br><br>hSWI/SNF复合体的核心包含SMARCA4(BRG1/BAF190A)或SMARCA2(hBrm/BAF190B)、SMARCC1(BAF155)、SMARCC2(BAF170)以及SMARCB1(INI1)和一定数量的额外亚基(Wang等人,1996年,Phelan等人,1999年,Reisman等人,2009年)。SMARCA4或SMARCA2是催化ATPase亚基。SMARCC1和SMARCC2在蛋白质水平上具有62%的相似性(Wang等人,1996年)。SMARCB1亚基(SWI/SNF相关基质关联的染色质B1调节因子)的丢失是恶性横纹肌瘤(MRT)这一罕见且侵袭性儿童癌症的反复遗传特征(Versteege等人,1998年,Biegel等人,1999年)。SMARCB1小鼠敲除导致早期胚胎死亡;杂合子丢失易感小鼠发生类似MRT的肿瘤(Klochendler-Yeivin等人,2000年,Roberts等人,2000年,Guidi等人,2001年)。hSWI/SNF复合体中发现的肌动蛋白及其相关蛋白被认为有助于核基质结合(Zhao等人,1998年,Rando等人,2002年)。
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