量子模拟-黑洞物理

我们在10个比特的可调耦合样品上（10个量子比特和9个可调耦合器），首次通过弯曲空间的量子行走演示了霍金辐射，通过有效调节比特间的耦合强度发现黑洞外的微波光子数随着“引力”的增加而增多，正如黑洞热力学所期望的一致。此外，辐射过程的纠缠熵的增加以及黑洞内高保真度的纠缠对受到引力的保护也被证实。此方案的实现得益于高弛豫时间和易于读取的比特以及比特间的可调耦合。该项工作也为模拟天文学问题提供一种可能的新途径。

On a tunably coupled 10-qubit sample (comprising 10 quantum bits and 9 tunable couplers), we demonstrated Hawking radiation for the first time via quantum walks in curved spacetime. By precisely tuning the inter-qubit coupling strength, we observed that the number of microwave photons outside the 'black hole' increases as the 'gravitational' effect strengthens, which aligns with the predictions of black hole thermodynamics. Furthermore, the increase in entanglement entropy during the radiation process and the gravitational protection of high-fidelity entangled pairs inside the black hole were both verified. This experimental scheme benefits from qubits with long relaxation times and high readout fidelity, as well as the tunable inter-qubit coupling. This work also offers a promising new approach for simulating astronomical problems.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集名为'量子模拟-黑洞物理'，基于10比特可调耦合量子系统，通过量子行走模拟演示了霍金辐射现象，验证了黑洞热力学相关特性如辐射光子数随引力变化、纠缠熵增加等。数据集具有实验性质，涉及微波物理学、超导物理学等多学科交叉，数据量为1.89GB，包含53个文件，源自国家重点研发计划项目，发布于2022年，旨在为天文学问题模拟提供新途径。