Metagenomic and transcriptomic analyses of tomato rhizosphere and leaves treated with a biowaste-derived extract

PERCIVAL (Processi di EstRazione di bioprodotti da sCarti agroIndustriali e VALorizzazione in cascata) project (PON ARS01_00869) focuses on the development and optimization of innovative processes for the valorization of agro-industrial residues using a cascade biorefinery approach. The project aims to maximize resource efficiency by enabling the sequential recovery of high-value products from heterogeneous biomass streams. The targeted outputs include bioactive compounds (e.g. antioxidants and polyphenols), chemical building blocks (e.g. lactic acid), and advanced materials (e.g. nutraceutical ingredients, high-performance fibers, and bioplastics such as PLA). Residual fractions generated along the processing chain are further exploited for the production of biofuels (e.g. biomethane) and agricultural inputs (e.g. soil amendments, biochar, and biostimulants). Biological and molecular data generated within the project support the characterization, screening, and optimization of bioprocesses and feedstocks. The project also includes the assessment of environmental and economic sustainability of the proposed value chains, considering the entire lifecycle from raw material sourcing to final product generation. Here we expose the data relative to an experiment performed under controlled conditions of pot-grown tomato plants treated weekly with two different doses of a biowaste-based extract. These data encompass: rhizosphere eDNA metabarcoding and plant transcriptomic data, tomato physiological parameters, soil chemical analyses and leaf nutrient analyses. The raw sequencing data are deposited at SRA NCBI in the BioProject: PRJNA1425279.