SomaScan Proteomics Investigation of Biomarkers for the Progression of Cirrhosis to Liver Cancer

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) typically arises from liver cirrhosis (LC), but early detection remains challenging due to the lack of reliable biomarkers. This study aimed to identify plasma protein profiles that distinguish LC and HCC from healthy controls using SomaScan proteomics technology, thereby discovering novel biomarkers for the early diagnosis and targeted treatment of HCC.Methods: We analyzed 10,893 plasma proteins from patients with LC, HCC, and healthy controls using SomaScan technology. Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified and functionally annotated using HPA, GO/KEGG, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. DEPs co-expressed in both LC and HCC were screened using Venn diagrams.Data Description: (1) LC DEPs.xlsx: Compared with healthy controls, there were 402 DEPs in LC. (2) HCC DEPs.xlsx: Compared with healthy controls, there were 389 DEPs in HCC. (3) Unreported DEPs in LC and HCC compared to NC.xlsx: Venn analysis identified 38 co-expressed DEPs in LC and HCC, among which 9 were unreported candidate DEPs.