拉萨藏族人群Y染色体SNP及STR分型数据

为研究拉萨藏族人群的复习遗传结构，我们采集了1029个拉萨藏族个体。首先，通过SNP分型的方法，确定了每个样本的单倍群归属。其次，采用ABI 3130XL，用荧光标记引物对8个STR进行了检测，以进一步研究该人群的Y染色体遗传多样性。结果表明，拉萨藏族人群中的D-M174频率最高（56.56%，其中D3*-P99最多），其次是O-M175 (30.71%，主要以O3a3c1-M117为主。此外，还有一些低频的类群，如N-M231(5.15%，主要是N1*-LLY22)，C-M130 (2.62%)、R-M207 (2.53%)、Q (1.55%)、J (0.68%)、K-M以及T。进一步分析表明，拉萨藏族人群的Y染色体组分存在时间上的分层，包括3万年前、末次盛冰期、末次盛冰期后、全新世等时期，反映了不同时期的定居历史。

To investigate the population genetic structure of the Lhasa Tibetan population, we collected 1029 Lhasa Tibetan individuals. First, we determined the haplogroup assignment of each sample via SNP genotyping. Second, we detected 8 STR loci using fluorescently labeled primers on an ABI 3130XL genetic analyzer to further examine the Y-chromosomal genetic diversity of this population. The results showed that haplogroup D-M174 had the highest frequency (56.56%, with D3*-P99 as the predominant subclade) in the Lhasa Tibetan population, followed by O-M175 (30.71%, mainly dominated by O3a3c1-M117). Additionally, several low-frequency haplogroups were identified, including N-M231 (5.15%, mostly N1*-LLY22), C-M130 (2.62%), R-M207 (2.53%), Q (1.55%), J (0.68%), K-M, and T. Further analysis demonstrated temporal stratification in the Y-chromosomal component of the Lhasa Tibetan population, dating to approximately 30,000 years ago, the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), post-LGM, and the Holocene, which reflects the settlement history of this population across different periods.