Table_1_Borderline Personality Disorder With Cocaine Dependence: Impulsivity, Emotional Dysregulation and Amygdala Functional Connectivity.DOCX

Background: Borderline personality disorder is present in 19% of cocaine dependence cases; however, this dual pathology is poorly understood. We wished to characterize the dual pathology and find its functional connectivity correlates to better understand it.Methods: We recruited 69 participants divided into 4 groups: dual pathology (n = 20), cocaine dependence without borderline personality disorder (n = 19), borderline personality without cocaine dependence (n = 10) and healthy controls (n = 20). We used self-reported instruments to measure impulsivity and emotional dysregulation. We acquired resting state fMRI and performed seed-based analyses of the functional connectivity of bilateral amygdala.Results: Borderline personality disorder and cocaine dependence as factors had opposing effects in impulsivity and emotional dysregulation, as well as on functional connectivity between left amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex. On the other hand, in the functional connectivity between right amygdala and left insula, the effect of having both disorders was instead additive, reducing functional connectivity strength. The significant functional connectivity clusters were correlated with impulsivity and emotional dysregulation.Conclusions: In this study, we found that clinical scores of dual pathology patients were closer to those of borderline personality disorder without cocaine dependence than to those of cocaine dependence without borderline personality disorder, while amygdala-medial prefrontal cortex functional connectivity patterns in dual pathology patients were closer to healthy controls than expected.

背景：边缘型人格障碍存在于19%的可卡因依赖病例中；然而，这种双重病理状态的理解尚显不足。本研究旨在描述该双重病理状态，并寻找其功能连接相关性，以期加深对其的理解。方法：我们招募了69名参与者，分为四组：双重病理组（n = 20）、可卡因依赖无边缘型人格障碍组（n = 19）、边缘型人格无依赖可卡因组（n = 10）和健康对照组（n = 20）。我们采用自我报告工具测量冲动性和情绪调节。我们获取了静息态fMRI，并执行了基于种子的双侧杏仁核功能连接分析。结果：边缘型人格障碍和可卡因依赖作为影响因素，在冲动性和情绪调节以及左侧杏仁核与内侧前额叶皮层的功能连接上表现出相反的作用。另一方面，在右侧杏仁核与左侧岛叶之间的功能连接中，同时具有这两种疾病的效应则是累加的，降低了功能连接的强度。显著的功能连接簇与冲动性和情绪调节相关。结论：在本研究中，我们发现双重病理患者的临床评分更接近于无依赖可卡因的边缘型人格障碍患者，而非无边缘型人格障碍的可卡因依赖患者，而双重病理患者杏仁核-内侧前额叶皮层功能连接模式与预期相比更接近健康对照组。