ADSORPTION AND ION EXCHANGE

Adsorption is a process by which a substance dissolves in a solution
surface of the absorbent material which allows the material to penetrate and accumulate inside the absorbent material (Giyatmi, 2008). Adsorption is a series of accumulation processes of a substance (adsorbate) on the surface of another substance (adsorbent) (Sardi, 2023). This process can occur in several phases such as liquid-liquid, gas-liquid, gas-solid, or liquid-solid (Cecen & Ozgur, 2011). Both often occur together with the process some call absorption. Adsorption presents what is called an adsorbent and to adsorb Adsorbent is an absorbent substance whereas adsorbate is a substance which is adsorbed. Adsorbents are solid substances that can adsorb certain components of the liquid phase. Adsorbents usually use materials that have pores, so the adsorption process takes place in the pores or at certain locations within the particles. The pores normally present in the adsorbent are usually very small, so that the increased internal surface area is larger than the outer surface. Segregation occurs due to differences in molecular weight or polarity, causing some molecules to adhere more tightly to the surface than others (Saragih, 2008).