Baseline patients’ characteristics.

The total number of cases (Cases), the male:female (M:F) ratio, the mean age (years) with minimum and maximum values (range) of patients subdivided according to the histologically confirmed diagnoses, are reported in the first three columns. Surgery indicates the number of cases subjected to pancreatoduodenectomy (PD), distal pancreatectomy (DP) palliative resection (PR). Blood and spleen columns report the number of cases for whom T cells or immature myeloid cells (M cells) subsets were available. PDAC = pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; NETs = pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors; BPNs = pancreatic borderline neoplasms; SCA = serous cystadenoma; ChrPa = chronic pancreatitis;§Other tumors included 3 papillary, 3 duodenal and 3 stromal tumors.*2/7 patients underwent middle pancreatectomies.