制动磨损源大气颗粒物排放的研究进展

交通运输工具种类及数量的持续增长，势必会给环境保护带来严重的影响. 交通运输工具于摩擦制动过程释放的制动磨损颗粒物(即制动粉尘)已成为城市大气颗粒物的重要贡献源，显著影响着城市的空气质量. 为贯彻落实绿色发展理念，探索制动磨损源大气颗粒物排放的控制措施，需深入了解颗粒物排放的准确信息. 基于此，本文中综述了近年来以制动磨损为源头的大气颗粒物排放研究进展. 首先，从机理层面介绍了制动过程中磨屑的衍化，简述了摩擦层的形成机制和制动粉尘的来源及排放特性；其次，重点阐述了制动器结构、材料类型、外界环境、制动速度和制动载荷等因素对制动磨损源大气颗粒物排放的影响，分析了各因素对大气颗粒物排放特性(如颗粒形貌、颗粒尺寸和颗粒浓度等)的影响规律；最后，提出了制动磨损源大气颗粒物排放研究需要加强的几方面内容.

The continuous growth in the types and quantities of transportation vehicles will inevitably bring severe adverse impacts on environmental protection. Brake wear particulate matter (i.e., brake dust) released during the friction braking process of transportation vehicles has become a significant contributing source of urban atmospheric particulate matter, significantly impairing urban air quality. To implement the concept of green development and explore control measures for atmospheric particulate matter emissions from brake wear sources, it is necessary to obtain in-depth and accurate information on particulate matter emissions. Based on this, this paper reviews the research progress in atmospheric particulate matter emissions sourced from brake wear in recent years. First, the evolution of wear debris during the braking process is introduced from the mechanistic perspective, and the formation mechanism of the friction layer, as well as the sources and emission characteristics of brake dust, are briefly described. Second, the impacts of factors including brake structure, material type, external environment, braking speed and braking load on atmospheric particulate matter emissions from brake wear sources are elaborated, and the influencing rules of each factor on the emission characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter (such as particle morphology, particle size and particle concentration, etc.) are analyzed. Finally, several key aspects that require further strengthening in the research on atmospheric particulate matter emissions from brake wear sources are proposed.

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背景概述

该数据集综述了制动磨损源大气颗粒物排放的研究进展，聚焦于摩擦制动过程中产生的颗粒物（制动粉尘）对城市空气质量的影响。它详细分析了制动器结构、材料类型、环境因素、制动速度和载荷等关键因素如何影响颗粒物的排放特性，如形貌、尺寸和浓度，并提出了未来研究方向，旨在为控制颗粒物排放提供科学依据。