Demographics of the study population by ethnicity and sex. Data shown are count (percentage) unless specified.

Abbreviations: IMD, Index of Multiple Deprivation; SD, Standard Deviation.aP-values show the difference between White European and South Asians within each sex group, and were calculated using X2 tests for categorical variables and t-tests for continuous variables.bThere were no missing data for these variables.cBody mass index categories were based on ethnic specific cut-points, as follows: 25–30 kg/m2 for White Europeans and 23–27.5 kg/m2 for South Asians were defined as overweight, and >30 kg/m2 for White Europeans and >27.5 kg/m2 for South Asians were defined as obese [10].