A refined axiomatic structure of electric current

This paper proposes a refined axiomatic framework for understanding electric current. Traditionally, current is interpreted as the motion of electrons or charge carriers, which leads to several conceptual contradictions \u2013 particularly in semiconductors and energy conversion systems. The present work introduces an alternative approach: charge is considered a positive fundamental quantity, analogous to mass or spatial dimension, while electrons and other particles serve as agents that sustain the electromagnetic field. Within this framework, current is defined as the flow of charge whose direction is determined by the energy flux (the Poynting vector). Such an approach eliminates the artificial division into positive and negative charges and establishes a coherent foundation for electrodynamics and its applications in power electronics and energy conversion.