Table 2_The association between spinal health and visual function in a pediatric population: insights from large-scale health examinations.docx

BackgroundPhysical examinations are critical for early detection of spinal abnormalities and visual function issues in children. Spinal health has a significant impact on both physical and psychological well-being, while untreated abnormalities may lead to postural deformities. Despite evidence linking spinal posture and balance control to visual function, the relationship between these factors remains underexplored. This study investigates the association between spinal health and visual function.
MethodsData were collected from 875 children undergoing health examinations. Spinal parameters, including the thoracic kyphosis angle and the angle of trunk rotation, were measured alongside visual and perceptual examinations and refractive status. Statistical analyses were performed to assess their relationships.
ResultsSignificant differences were observed in the distribution of spinal parameters across three orders of stereopsis and spherical equivalent (SE). Specifically, the median angle of trunk rotation (ATR) was 2° (IQR: 1°–3°) in participants with level 4 zero-order stereopsis, which was significantly lower than that in level 0 participants (median: 4°, IQR: 3°–5°, p < 0.05). The median kyphosis angle (KA) was 27° (IQR: 25°–29°) in those with pass-grade first-order stereopsis, significantly lower than the 35° (IQR: 32°–38°) in non-passers (p < 0.001). Spearman’s rank correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between SE and both KA (rs = −0.18, p < 0.001) and ATR (rs = −0.32, p < 0.001). Additionally, gender differences were found in KA distribution, with females having a higher median KA (29°, IQR: 26°–31°) than males (27°, IQR: 25°–30°, p < 0.05).
ConclusionThese findings suggest a potential link between spinal health and visual development. In this cross-sectional sample, poorer stereopsis and more myopic refractive error were associated with modestly higher kyphosis and trunk-rotation angles. These findings provide preliminary evidence for the link between visual function and spinal alignment in school-aged children. Incorporating spinal health assessments into pediatric visual screening programs could facilitate early intervention for both spinal and visual abnormalities, improving overall child health outcomes.