Contingency table analyses for virus co-prevalence in both bees and mite samples.

For the Varroa-infested region, separate comparisons were made for the virus prevalences and co-infection in bee samples and in mite samples (n = 41). The contingency tables were derived through comparing the observed incidence of co-infection with the expected values derived from the individual prevalences in bees and mites. For significant non-random associations (bold; p<0.05) is also indicated whether the association is positive (+), i.e. a higher incidence of co-infection than expected, or negative (−), i.e. a lower incidence of co-infection than expected.