Interaction of anthelminthic veterinary drugs with soil microbiome

In present study we aimed to explore the interactions of widely used AHs, namely ABZ, IVM and EPM, with the soil microbiota. To achieve this goal, we employed mesocosm experiments whereby soil previously known to exhibit fast and slow degradation of the studied AHs were repeatedly treated with these AHs at two dose rates. We tested the hypothesis that repeated application of AHs will lead to accelerated degradation in "fast" soils and accumulation of AHs residues in "slow" soils with reciprocal toxicity on the soil microbiota. The dissipation of AHs was monitored as a measure of the potential enhanced biodegradation of AHs. In parallel we determined the potential effects of AHs on (a) the abundance and diversity of broad phylogenetic groups like total bacteria, fungi and Crenarchaeota via qPCR and amplicon sequencing respectively (b) the activity, abundance, and diversity of AOM, a key functional microbial group, by monitoring potential nitrification, inorganic N pools, the abundance of AOA, AOB and comammox bacteria via qPCR, and their diversity, via amplicon sequencing of the amoA gene.