Protection Monitoring, 2020 - Ecuador

Abstract
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The size of the outflows from Venezuela sharply increased from some 700,000 in 2015 to over 4 million by June 2019, largely driven by a substantial deterioration of the situation in the country. Given the disruption of the functioning of some democratic institutions and rule of law, and its impact on the preservation of security, economic stability, health, public peace and the general welfare system, the crisis continues to worsen and serious human rights violations are widely reported. The displacement outside Venezuela has mostly affected countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, particularly Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and the southern Caribbean islands. Most governments in the region have made efforts to facilitate access to territory, documentation and access to services, but the capacity of host countries has become overstretched to address the increasing protection and integration needs, resulting in tighter border controls being put in place. Protection monitoring is a core UNHCR activity which aims at ensuring an adequate and timely understanding of the protection situation of persons affected by forced displacement. The action-oriented nature of protection monitoring allows UNHCR to adapt to the needs and protection risks faced by persons displaced outside Venezuela and informs a broad range of responses.

Analysis unit
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Household and individual

Sampling procedure
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UNHCR undertook a survey to understand the protection needs of Venezuelan persons of concern (asylum-seekers and refugees) by taking a sample of those who registered with UNHCR. This survey was conducted through the Protection Monitoring Tool (PMT).

The survey was voluntary, and each respondent’s consent was obtained before posing questions. The responses are not a representative sampling of the Venezuelan population, but rather those who registered with UNHCR, and who consented to the survey.

The survey was extensive, providing answers to over 100 questions. It covered general profiles, household composition, travel routes, education, and employment. The information was collected using KOBO Toolkit, the corporate tool of UNHCR.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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The questionnaire contained the following sections: household, members, incidents, route points.

{'Abstract': '摘要
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委内瑞拉境外出流规模自2015年的约70万急剧增长至2019年6月超过400万，这一显著增长主要源于该国局势的严重恶化。鉴于某些民主机构和法治功能的破坏，及其对安全、经济稳定、公共卫生、公共安宁及整体社会福利体系的影响，危机持续加剧，严重侵犯人权的事件被广泛报道。委内瑞拉境外的人口流动主要影响拉丁美洲和加勒比地区各国，尤其是阿根廷、巴西、智利、哥伦比亚、厄瓜多尔、秘鲁以及南加勒比岛屿。区域内的大多数政府都努力便利化领土、文件和服务的获取，但东道国的接待能力已无法满足不断增长的保护和融合需求，导致边境管控措施进一步加强。保护监测是联合国难民署的核心活动之一，旨在确保对受强迫位移影响人员保护状况的充分且及时的了解。保护监测的行动导向特性使联合国难民署能够适应委内瑞拉境外位移人员面临的需求和保护风险，并为广泛的应对措施提供信息。

分析单元
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家庭与个人

抽样程序
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联合国难民署通过抽取已向联合国难民署登记的委内瑞拉人员（包括寻求庇护者和难民）的样本，开展调查以了解相关人员的保护需求。此次调查通过保护监测工具（PMT）进行。

调查为自愿性质，并在提问前获得每位受访者的同意。调查结果并非委内瑞拉人口的代表性抽样，而是那些已向联合国难民署登记并同意参与调查的人员。

调查内容广泛，涵盖了超过100个问题，包括一般概况、家庭构成、旅行路线、教育以及就业。信息收集使用的是联合国难民署的官方工具——KOBO Toolkit。

数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]

研究工具
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问卷包含以下部分：家庭、成员、事件、路线点。'}