Macrobrachium rosenbergii isolate:ZJJX-2019 Genome sequencing

The giant freshwater prawm (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) is a crucial economic species in Chinese freshwater aquaculture. Currently, the giant freshwater prawm aquaculture faces several challenges, including genetic deterioration, low survival rates, reduced yields, and outbreaks of diseases caused by various pathogens. Hence, assembling a high-quality genome and conducting genomic annotations for giant freshwater prawm are crucial for the advancement of genetic breeding in this species. We sequenced 161.13 Gb of raw Illumina short reads and 296.45 Gb of Oxford Nanopore long reads. The final whole-genome assembly of the giant freshwater prawm was 3.39 Gb in size, predicting a total of 36,891 protein-coding genes. A total of 59 pseudo-chromosomes were determined, with an anchor ratio of 92.76% and a scaffold N50 of 62.03 Mb. Through evolutionary and comparative genomic analysis, 43 genes closely associated with the giant freshwater prawm's tolerance to high-glucose diets, adaptation to benthic environments, and resistance to viruses and bacteria were identified. In conclusion, decoding the high-quality giant freshwater prawm genome is essential for advancing its molecular breeding and providing genetic resources for in-depth research into arthropod development and evolutionary biology.