Effect of long-term exposure of platinum nanopariticles on gene expression of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1

Previous synthesized Pt NPs were selected to evaluate the influences on bacterial resistance, and a typical pathogenic microbe P. aeruginosa was chosen as model bacteria. After 60-day PtNPs exposure, we found under 12.5 μg/mL of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) exposure for ~7200 generations, the IC50 of evolved Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 to imipenem (IPM) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) reduced 77.0% and 87.8%, respectively. Interestingly, long-term of PtNPs exposure arose the bacterial susceptibility on antibiotics. We then performed gene expression profiling analysis using data obtained from RNA-seq. Comparative gene expression profiling analysis of RNA-seq data for wild-type strains (WT), non-exposed but evolved PAO1 (CK), and 60-day PtNPs exposed and evolved PAO1 (ES)