Bulk RNA-sequencing results of p16INK4A-high and -low glioblastoma, IDH-wild type, grade 4.

The expression of p16INK4A is widely used to identify fully senescent cells in noncancerous tissues, as well as senescent cancer cells in various types of cancer. In our study, we observed diffuse expression of p16INK4A in around 40 % of the patients with wild-type CDKN2A gene without mutation showing senescence phenotype, correlating with significant differences in overall survival between patients with high and low levels of p16INK4A expression. This prognostic distinction led us to hypothesize that cellular senescence in glioblastoma cells might confer a favorable effect on patient outcomes. To investigate the mechanism underlying this phenotype, we conducted RNA sequencing on 11 samples of glioblastoma, IDH-wild type along with corresponding in vivo and in vitro studies. Overall design: To investigate the characteristics of p16INK4A-high and -low cancers, bulk RNA-sequencing of surgically removed glioblastoma tissues was performed in Ajou University Hospital, Korea.