DIGITAL INTERVENTIONS ROLE IN SELF-MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS (DM): A NARRATIVE REVIEW

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic illness that raises morbidity and death rates worldwide and substantially negatively influences patients quality of life. Health authorities now teach patients and their families good behavioral changes and self-management techniques to enhance clinical therapy and lower complications. Diabetes requires a complicated set of everyday habits to manage, such as regular blood glucose testing, eating a balanced diet, exercising, and keeping a healthy weight. Patients now have the tools they need to effectively manage their conditions thanks to the development of e-health and mobile health (mHealth). These technologies help optimize and monitor glucose levels and have been warmly received. A meta-analysis by Captieux M., et al. (2016) found that application users attitudes toward self-care had improved, and their HbA1c levels had significantly decreased. The efficacy of these technologies varies, though, and obstacles to their broad adoption include low levels of literacy, privacy and security concerns, economic constraints, and the requirement for standardization across various demographics and technical platforms. Notwithstanding these obstacles, digital approaches have demonstrated the potential to enhance diabetic self-management and clinical outcomes. These include telemedicine, mobile health applications, and e-health systems. Applications like BlueStar and OneTouch Reveal, as well as programs like My Diabetes Coach, have been shown to improve glucose management and health-related quality of life. However, more investigation and creation are required to improve the usability and accessibility of these digital health solutions. This narrative review examines the current state of digital health technologies for diabetes self-management and highlights their benefits and drawbacks. It emphasizes the importance of addressing current challenges to fully achieve the potential of digital interventions in controlling type 2 diabetes and type 1 diabetes.