Data & Scripts for: Ecological Amplitude Modulation Decodes the Resilience Paradox of Monsoon Forests: From Causal Blurring to Adaptive Decoupling

The stability of the terrestrial carbon sink is increasingly challenged by compound climate extremes, yet ecosystems often exhibit a "resilience paradox"—undergoing collapse under moderate stress while remaining intact during record-breaking extremes. Traditional risk assessments, relying on linear-additive logic and time-domain causal inference, fail to resolve these divergent outcomes due to "causal blurring", wherein fast-response physiological pulses are mathematically convolved with slow-evolving environmental memories. To resolve this, we introduce the Ecological Amplitude Modulation (EAM) framework, utilizing spatiotemporal fast-MEEMD and Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) to treat productivity as a multiplicative, non-stationary wave process. By analyzing South Chinese monsoon forests (SCMFs) during the 2003 and 2013 extremes, we identify a quasi-40-day spectral gap as an intrinsic threshold of ecological inertia. We demonstrate that the forest’s resilience in 2013—despite a 75% higher thermodynamic energy surplus compared to 2003—was maintained through Adaptive Decoupling, where physiological carrier waves remained spectrally separated from environmental degradation. Conversely, the 2003 collapse was driven by Frequency Locking (Hydraulic Resonance), triggered when structural overshoot forced the environmental modulator to bridge the spectral gap and synchronize with the physiological rhythm. These findings provide a mechanistically consistent foundation for monitoring carbon cycle tipping points and improving the representation of non-linear resilience in Earth System Models.