Noise in metropolitan areas - Railways - Level grid LNight - Mapping 2022

The data include the calculation results of the 2022 environmental noise mapping in the agglomerations in Bavaria. These are all cities in Bavaria with more than 100,000 inhabitants, i.e. Munich, Nuremberg, Augsburg, Fürth, Erlangen, Würzburg, Regensburg and Ingolstadt. In each agglomeration, noise was recorded by road traffic, industrial and commercial installations in accordance with Directive 2010/75/EU of 24 November 2010 on integrated pollution prevention and control (Industrial Emissions Directive - IED Directive) and, where available, by tram and above-ground metro transport. The noise calculations are carried out in accordance with the "Calculation method for ambient noise from ground-level sources (roads, railways, industry and commerce) (BUB)".
The noise indices LDEN and LNight in dB(A) are used as a measure of general annoyance or as a measure of sleep disturbances. The LDEN level is an emission level averaged over 24 hours, which is determined from the LDay, LEvening and LNight levels for the assessment times day (6:00-18:00), evening (18:00-22:00) and night (22:00-6:00). Weight factors of 5 dB(A) for the four-hour evening time and 10 dB(A) for the eight-hour night time take into account the increased sensitivity to noise during these times.
The layer represents the noise pollution on tramways and underground lines running above ground in the agglomeration expressed by the noise index LNight according to the EC Environmental Noise Directive.

本数据集包含巴伐利亚州2022年城市群环境噪声制图计算成果，涵盖该州全部常住人口逾10万的城市，即慕尼黑（Munich）、纽伦堡（Nuremberg）、奥格斯堡（Augsburg）、菲尔特（Fürth）、埃尔朗根（Erlangen）、维尔茨堡（Würzburg）、雷根斯堡（Regensburg）及英戈尔施塔特（Ingolstadt）。各城市群的噪声监测覆盖道路交通、工商业设施，并依据2010年11月24日发布的《综合污染预防与控制指令（2010/75/EU）》（工业排放指令（Industrial Emissions Directive，IED指令））实施；条件允许时，同步纳入有轨电车及地面地铁交通的噪声数据。本次噪声计算严格遵循《地面源（道路、铁路、工商业）环境噪声计算方法（BUB）》执行。
本数据集采用dB(A)计权的噪声指数日夜间噪声级（LDEN，Day-Evening-Night Noise Level）与夜间噪声级（LNight），分别作为通用噪声烦扰度与睡眠干扰程度的量化评价指标。其中，LDEN为24小时等效声级，由日间（6:00-18:00）、傍晚（18:00-22:00）与夜间（22:00-6:00）三个时段的LDay、LEvening及LNight声级计算得到；针对傍晚4小时时段与夜间8小时时段，分别施加5 dB(A)与10 dB(A)的加权因子，以体现该时段人群对噪声的敏感性提升。
本图层依据欧盟环境噪声指令，以噪声指数LNight表征各城市群内有轨电车线路及地面地铁线路沿线的噪声污染情况。