Fumarate effect on the Escherichia coli proteome at aerobic and anaerobic growth conditions

The changes in protein composition of E. coli were studied in a global proteomic approach for aerobic growth without or with fumarate as carbon source (glycerol + O2, fumarate + O2, respectively) and anaerobic growth without or with fumarate as carbon source (glycerol + DMSO, glycerol + DMSO + fumarate, respectively). The experiments should unravel the changes in response to fumarate under aerobic (i) and anaerobic (ii) conditions, and more generally (iii) the fumarate proteome under aerobic versus anaerobic conditions. Fumarate was used as the C4DC due to its capability to support aerobic and anaerobic growth, and glycerol was used as the alternative carbon source that exerts no or only weak carbon catabolite repression.