基于划区轮牧理论的祁连山北麓牧区动态草畜平衡研究

以肃南县祁连山北麓牧区为研究对象，基于划区轮牧理论模拟不同降水情景下轮牧区理论载畜量并分析现状牧区草畜平衡状况，分析理论载畜量下轮牧牧区产草需草过程，进行牧区动态草畜平衡分析，并与传统方法和基于关键场理论方法进行对比。结果表明：肃南县祁连山北麓牧区降水量极大地影响着牧区理论载畜量，宜将平水年理论载畜量100.9 万标准羊单位作为今后牧区畜牧业管理的主要参考指标；2015 年牧区同时存在牲畜超载和欠载并且冷暖草场理论载畜量差异较大，应在后期发展中注重调整当前的畜牧业发展结构和合理配置冷暖草地资源。通过3 种方法的草畜平衡动态对比分析，基于划区轮牧理论方法不仅能保证不同轮牧区的草畜动态平衡，且能保持饲草的高效利用，在轮牧区草畜平衡分析计算中具有一定的优越性。

This study takes the pastoral areas in the northern foothills of the Qilian Mountains, Sunan County as the research object. Based on the zoned rotational grazing theory, we simulated the theoretical carrying capacity of rotational grazing zones under different precipitation scenarios, analyzed the current grass-livestock balance status of the pastoral areas, explored the forage production and demand processes of rotational grazing zones under the theoretical carrying capacity, and conducted dynamic grass-livestock balance analysis of the pastoral areas. Additionally, we compared the results with traditional methods and the method based on key field theory. The results show that: Precipitation in the study area has a significant impact on the theoretical carrying capacity of the pastoral areas, and it is recommended to take the theoretical carrying capacity of 1.009 million standard sheep units in normal precipitation years as the primary reference indicator for future pastoral animal husbandry management. In 2015, the pastoral areas simultaneously suffered from livestock overloading and underloading, with a large disparity in the theoretical carrying capacity between warm-season and cold-season grasslands. Therefore, attention should be paid to adjusting the current animal husbandry development structure and rationally allocating warm-season and cold-season grassland resources in subsequent development. Through the dynamic comparative analysis of grass-livestock balance using the three methods, the method based on zoned rotational grazing theory can not only ensure the dynamic grass-livestock balance of different rotational grazing zones but also maintain efficient forage utilization, demonstrating certain advantages in the analysis and calculation of grass-livestock balance for rotational grazing areas.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是一项关于祁连山北麓牧区草畜平衡的研究，基于划区轮牧理论模拟不同降水情景下的理论载畜量，并分析动态平衡状况。研究对比了传统方法，强调轮牧理论在保证草畜平衡和饲草高效利用方面的优势，为畜牧业管理提供参考指标。