Acoustic Speed Profile Dataset of the 10th Chinese Arctic expedition(2018)

This dataset comprises oceanic sound-velocity profile observations collected at 56 stations during the 10th Chinese Arctic Scientific Expedition in the summer of 2019, when instruments were lowered through the water column. A total of 56 data files are provided. The files were exported directly from RapidEx software after quality control and are stored as comma-separated value (CSV) files, a format that is simple, highly compatible, and readable without specialized software.Each file consists of a header section and the main data. The header supplies the following metadata: “Device_Type” (instrument model), “Serial_Number” (instrument serial number), “Sampling_Mode” (set to continuous recording for this cruise), and “Sampling_Rate” (1 Hz). “Latitude” and “Longitude” give the geographic coordinates (degrees-minutes, WGS-84 datum) of the deployment station.The main body of each file contains seven columns: Date, Time, Depth, Sound Velocity, Temperature, Salinity, and Density. All parameters are numeric. The core variable “Sound Velocity” is reported in m s⁻¹; “Depth” is the measurement depth in metres. “Date” and “Time” record when the instrument was lowered; the monotonically increasing depth values confirm that the profiles were acquired during the down-cast, with a vertical resolution of 1 m between successive records.