Potential of alternative control of leaf-cutting ants using essential oils: A systematic review

Leaf-cutting ants (LCAs) are abundant and cause considerable damage to
agricultural and forest crops in the Neotropical region, and are commonly
controlled using sulfluramid-based ant baits. However, this active
ingredient is a precursor of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), a
persistent, human-made pollutant that poses serious environmental and
health risks. Several studies have highlighted more natural alternatives
to conventional pesticides as a strategic approach for safer management.
In this context, the aim of the present study was to conduct a review
through scientific, technological, and molecular mapping of the main plant
species and their major compounds used in the alternative control of LCAs
using plant essential oils (PEOs). Seven plant families used for the
extraction of PEOs were identified: Aristolochiaceae, Euphorbiaceae,
Lamiaceae, Myrtaceae, Piperaceae, Verbenaceae, and Winteraceae.
Additionally, 28 patents related to the use of PEOs against pest insects,
including LCAs, were identified. Although Brazil has the highest number of
scientific publications on this topic, the number of registered patents
does not follow the same trend. This review emphasizes the need to
translate scientific knowledge into technological solutions to make
alternative products available for the control of LCAs. This is essential
to uphold the commitment made under the Stockholm Convention, which seeks
to eliminate or restrict the use of Persistent Organic Pollutants.