Malaysia's Toleration Policy Towards Rohingya Refugees in Malaysia: Role of Non-State Actors

This study aims to recognise the extent to which Transnational Advocacy Networks motivated Malaysia’s refugee-tolerant policy. This study conducted a historical analysis that evaluated responses by the Malaysian government to Rohingyas from 1992 to 2020 and observed contrasting responses from tolerance to intolerance over the years. Rohingya refugee policy is not crafted in isolation. The concluding results illustrate there have been inconsistencies in Malaysian refugee policies and the extent of non-state actors’ influence. The research findings are novel because they show that TANs are a network that provide an explanation on how Rohingya refugee policy came about in Malaysia.