Haplotype effects of InDel7 and InDel118 from ZmVTE4.

aThe favorable allele for αT is underlined. Alleles 7 and 0 indicate a 7-bp and 0-bp insertion at the InDel7 locus, respectively.bThe favorable allele for αT is underlined. Alleles 118 and 0 indicate a 118-bp and 0-bp insertion at the InDel118 locus, respectively.cFold change was calculated between the most favorable haplotype (haplotype 0/0 because it had the highest amount of αT, which had the highest vitamin E activity) and the least favorable haplotype (haplotype 7/118). The P values and phenotypic variation explained (R2) were from a mixed linear model controlling for population structure and individual relatedness. Only the three common haplotypes (0/118, 0/0 and 7/118) were used to calculate P and R2. αT, α-tocopherol; γT, γ-tocopherol; TT, total tocopherol; s.d., standard deviation.