Registered Nurses' understanding, knowledge and perceptions of the association between sexually transmitted infections and domestic violence: a qualitative exploratory study

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and domestic violence (DV) are major healthcare problems that can have a detrimental effect on an individual’s health, particularly women’s health. Any violence perpetrated in an intimate relationship increases the risk of sexual violence, with this risk associated with STI acquisition. Existing research suggests nurses lack knowledge and education of STIs and DV independently, let alone together. Therefore the aim of this study is to explore Registered Nurses’ understanding, knowledge and perceptions of the heightened risk of acquiring an STI within the context of DV. The study employed a qualitative exploratory research design. Eight participants took part in the study. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews and were subject to thematic analysis. The study found that limited or no education on STIs and DV during RN training led to a reliance on education by media, and beliefs in perceptions and stereotypes of STIs and DV. Sexual assault and domestic violence were considered in different contexts, linking to differing perceptions of care and screening practices around STIs and DV. It is essential for nurses to understand the association between STIs and DV and to be able to respond appropriately. Through gaining insight into RNs’ knowledge, understanding and perceptions associated with STIs and DV, education needs can be recognised and the gap that exists between patient’s healthcare needs and lack of effective care provided can be minimised.