Summary of previous gray matter structural studies of empathetic scales and systemizing and relevant measures in normal samples.

Previously reported rGM structural correlates of empathetic competence or relevant measures include the mPFC, dACC, IFG, insula, precuneus, inferior and superior parietal lobules, superior and middle temporal gyri, precentral gyrus, and angular gyrus. Those for systemizing include the median GM areas, subcortical areas, precuneus, and posterior parietal cortex.IRI has two other subscales, distress and fantasy. In accordance with Rankin et al.’s [25] contention that these two subscales do not measure empathetic competence well, they were not included in this table.The inclusion of the insula in the cluster was confirmed by the cordial offer of the mask for the clusters by the authors.Abbreviations: dACC, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex; EC, empathetic concern from the Internal Reactivity Index; ECS, emotional contagion scale; EETS, emotional empathic tendency scale; EQ, empathizing quotient; GM, gray matter; IFG, inferior frontal gyrus; IRI, Internal Reactivity Index; mPFC, medial prefrontal cortex; PT, perspective taking from the Internal Reactivity Index; rGMD, regional gray matter density; rGMV, regional gray matter volume; SD, standard deviation; SMA, supplementary motor area; SQ, systemizing quotient; SRS, social responsiveness scale.