Data_Sheet_1_An analysis of neurovascular disease markers in the hippocampus of Tupaia chinensis at different growth stages.docx

IntroductionIt is considered that Tupaia chinensis can replace laboratory primates in the study of nervous system diseases. To date, however, protein expression in the brain of Tupaia chinensis has not been fully understood.MethodThree age groups of T. chinensis-15 days, 3 months and 1.5 years—were selected to study their hippocampal protein expression profiles.ResultsA significant difference was observed between the 15-day group and the other two age groups, where as there were no significant differences between the 3-month and 1.5-year age groups. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis found that differentially expressed proteins could be enriched in several pathways related to neurovascular diseases, such as metabolic pathways for Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other diseases. The KEGG enrichment also showed that relevant protein involved in oxidative phosphorylation in the hippocampus of T. chinensis for 15days were downregulated, and ribosomal proteins (RPs) were upregulated, compared to those in the hippocampus of the other two age groups.DiscussionIt was suggested that when the hippocampus of T. chinensis developed from day 15 to 3 months, the expression of oxidatively phosphorylated proteins and RPs would vary over time. Meanwhile, the hippocamppal protein expression profile of T. chinensis after 3 months had become stable. Moreover, the study underlines that, during the early development of the hippocampus of T. chinensis, energy demand increases while protein synthesis decreases. The mitochondria of T. chinensis changes with age, and the oxidative phosphorylation metabolic pathway of mitochondria is closely related to neurovascular diseases, such as stroke and cerebral ischemia.

引言
Tupaia chinensis被认为可在神经系统疾病研究中替代实验室灵长类动物。然而，截至目前，关于Tupaia chinensis大脑中的蛋白质表达尚缺乏全面理解。
方法
本研究选取了T. chinensis的三个年龄组——分别为15天、3个月和1.5年——以研究其海马区蛋白质表达谱。
结果
在15天组与其他两个年龄组之间观察到显著差异，而3个月组和1.5年组之间则未观察到显著差异。京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）分析发现，差异表达蛋白可能富集于与神经血管疾病相关的多个途径中，例如阿尔茨海默病（AD）、亨廷顿病、帕金森病及其他疾病的相关代谢途径。KEGG富集分析亦显示，与15天海马区相比，其他两个年龄组海马区参与氧化磷酸化的相关蛋白表达下调，而核糖体蛋白（RPs）表达上调。
讨论
研究提出，当Tupaia chinensis的海马区从第15天发育至3个月时，氧化磷酸化蛋白和RPs的表达会随时间而变化。同时，Tupaia chinensis在3个月后的海马区蛋白质表达谱已趋于稳定。此外，本研究强调，在Tupaia chinensis海马区的早期发育过程中，能量需求增加而蛋白质合成减少。Tupaia chinensis的线粒体随年龄变化，其氧化磷酸化代谢途径与神经血管疾病，如中风和脑缺血等密切相关。（Method：方法
Result：结果
Discussion：讨论
KEGG：京都基因与基因组百科全书
Alzheimer's disease (AD)：阿尔茨海默病
Huntington's disease：亨廷顿病
Parkinson's disease：帕金森病
Oxidative phosphorylation：氧化磷酸化
Neurovascular diseases：神经血管疾病
Stroke：中风
Cerebral ischemia：脑缺血
Rat：鼠
Mouse：鼠
Monkey：猴
Primate：灵长类动物
Hippocampus：海马区
Ribosomal protein：核糖体蛋白）