Table 1_Effect of high-intensity intermittent rehabilitation training on physical function, gut microbiome and metabolite after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with coronary heart disease.xlsx

BackgroundPostoperative rehabilitation exercise training after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is crucial for coronary heart disease (CHD) patients in restoring health and preventing recurrence, including high-intensity interval training (HIIT). However, the impact of HIIT on cardiopulmonary function, gut microbiome and metabolite remains underexplored.MethodsThis study included 60 patients with CHD who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Participants were divided into two groups: 33 in the moderate-intensity continuous training (MCT) group and 27 in the high-intensity interval training (HIIT) group. We assessed difference between two training in cardiopulmonary function, 6-minute walk test (6MWT) performance, biochemical indicators, plasma metabolites, and gut microbiome feature at baseline and after 3 months training. Furthermore, we analyzed 6MWT association to gut microbiome and metabolites with group differences.ResultsThe 6MWT showed significantly greater improvement in the HIIT group compared to the MCT group (P = 0.0024). Both groups showed reductions in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels and increases in peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) after training, but the HIIT group demonstrated a larger effect size in these measures. Moreover, subgroup analysis revealed that patients with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) in the HIIT group experienced a more substantial increase in VO2 peak compared to the MCT group (P = 0.04). In addition, we identified 29 gut microbial species and 30 plasma metabolites that were differentially enriched between the two groups, with some showing a significant impact on 6MWT performance.ConclusionsHigh-intensity interval training significantly improves 6MWT performance and exercise tolerance in cardiac rehabilitation patients, particularly enhancing VO2 peak in those with a history of MI. HIIT also appears to modulate the gut microbiome, increasing the abundance of Clostridiales and decreasing traumatic acid content, which may contribute to the observed improvements in exercise tolerance.

背景：冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）术后康复锻炼训练对于冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（CHD）患者恢复健康和预防复发至关重要，其中包括高强度间歇训练（HIIT）。然而，HIIT对心肺功能、肠道微生物群和代谢物的影响尚未得到充分研究。方法：本研究纳入了60名接受PCI治疗的CHD患者。参与者被分为两组：33名进入中强度持续训练（MCT）组，27名进入高强度间歇训练（HIIT）组。我们评估了两组在心肺功能、6分钟步行测试（6MWT）表现、生化指标、血浆代谢物和肠道微生物群特征方面的差异，并在基线和3个月训练后进行了评估。此外，我们还分析了6MWT与肠道微生物群和代谢物的关联，并比较了两组的差异。结果：与MCT组相比，HIIT组的6MWT表现出显著改善（P=0.0024）。两组在训练后均表现出低密度脂蛋白（LDL）水平的降低和峰值摄氧量（VO2 peak）的增加，但HIIT组在这些指标上显示出更大的效应量。此外，亚组分析显示，HIIT组中既往有心肌梗死（MI）病史的患者与MCT组相比，VO2 peak的增加更为显著（P=0.04）。此外，我们还鉴定出29种肠道微生物种类和30种血浆代谢物在两组之间存在差异，其中一些对6MWT表现有显著影响。结论：高强度间歇训练显著改善了心脏康复患者的6MWT表现和运动耐受性，特别是提高了既往有MI病史患者的峰值摄氧量。HIIT还似乎能够调节肠道微生物群，增加拟杆菌目的丰度，并降低创伤性酸含量，这可能会对观察到的运动耐受性的改善有所贡献。