Phylogenetically-controlled multiple regression analyses of sperm numbers and sperm quality traits in relation to body mass and testes mass.

All tests were conducted with 15 df. The superscripts following λ value indicate significance levels († n.s.; *P<0.05) in likelihood ratio tests against models with λ = 0 (first position) and λ = 1 (second position). The effect size r was calculated from the F values and we present its noncentral 95% confidence limits (CLs) too. Confidence intervals excluding 0 indicate statistically significant relationships. P values and CLs that indicate statistical significance are shown in bold.