Single-nucleus transcriptome sequencing for the brains of queens, gynes, workers and males of Monomorium pharaonis

Ant colonies with permanent division of labor between castes and highly distinct roles of the sexes have been conceptualized to be superorganisms, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms that mediate caste/sex-specific behavioral specialization have remained obscure. Here we characterized the brain cell repertoire of queens, gynes (virgin queens), workers and males of Monomorium pharaonis by single-nucleus transcriptome sequencing.