G²LM|LIC - Ethiopian Manufactoring Enterprise Survey

The data were collected during April and May 2016 on a sample of 300 Ethiopian manufacturing firms and 3.000 workers. As sampling frame the 2015 Census of Manufacturing Firms was used conducted by the Central Statistical Agency (CSA) of Ethiopia that captures all manufacturing firms that use power-driven machinery and employ at least 10 workers. The Census is officially referred to as "Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing and Electricity Survey". The sampling frame followed the 2015 Census of Manufacturing Firms by using regional states as strata. Because of their minimal number of manufacturing firms, the researchers excluded five regional administrations at this stage of sampling. These include the Afar, Benishangul-Gumuz, Gambella, Harari and Somali regions, which are often referred to as small states. The survey thus includes the Amhara, Oromia, SNNPR and Tigray regional states and the city administrations of Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa. Since manufacturing firms tend to concentrate in major urban centers, the survey was limited to manufacturing firms located in the capital cities of the respective regions except for the Amhara region where two large cities were included, i.e., the regional capital Bahir Dara and the city of Gondar. Since nearly 70 per cent of manufacturing firms in the CSA census are located in and around Addis Ababa, the same proportion of firms in the sample were selected from the nation’s capital. The remaining 30 percent of firms were randomly selected from the other regions each with a six per cent share. Once the firms were selected, the survey was conducted on 10 randomly selected workers from each firm. Retrospective questions were used to collect data on wages and pension contributions from administrative records of firms. This allows to capture the evolution of wages before and after the pension reform at the worker level without relying on interviewee memories. Such data were collected for the month of March for seven year from 2009 to 2015. In addition to wages and pension contributions, the survey captures workers’ highest level of formal education, occupation, age, gender, marital status, and parental education. The survey has a module on firm-level information including total number workers, hiring and firing activities, location, and industry.

本数据集的收集工作于2016年4月至5月间进行，涵盖300家埃塞俄比亚制造企业与3000名工人。抽样框架基于由埃塞俄比亚中央统计局（CSA）于2015年进行的制造业企业普查，该普查囊括了所有使用电力驱动机械并雇佣至少10名工人的制造企业。普查正式名称为“大型及中型制造业与电力调查”。抽样框架依照2015年制造业企业普查，以各州为层阶进行。鉴于某些地区制造业企业数量稀少，研究者在抽样阶段排除了阿法尔、本尚古勒-古穆兹、甘贝拉、哈拉里和索马里五个州级行政区，这些地区通常被称为小型州。因此，调查涵盖了阿姆哈拉、奥罗莫、SNNPR和提格雷等州以及亚的斯亚贝巴和迪雷德瓦的城市管理机构。由于制造业企业往往集中于主要城市中心，调查范围限定在各区域的首都城市，除了阿姆哈拉地区，该地区包含两个大城市，即地区首府巴希尔达拉和贡达尔市。鉴于中央统计局普查中近70%的制造企业位于亚的斯亚贝巴及其周边，样本中相应比例的企业均选自国家首都。剩余30%的企业则从其他地区随机选取，每个地区占比6%。一旦企业被选定，便对每家企业中随机抽取的10名工人进行问卷调查。通过使用企业行政记录中的回顾性问题，收集了关于工资和养老金缴纳的数据，从而能够在工人层面捕捉到养老金改革前后工资的变化，而无需依赖受访者的记忆。此类数据收集自2009年至2015年3月的七个月份。除了工资和养老金缴纳外，调查还记录了工人的最高学历水平、职业、年龄、性别、婚姻状况以及父母的受教育程度。调查还包括关于企业层面的信息模块，涵盖总员工数、招聘和辞退活动、地理位置和行业等信息。