Prophylactic antibiotic use and cost-related characteristics: Pre-intervention versus post-intervention.

aThere were combinations or replacements of antibiotics in some cases in the two groups, which led the same patient being administered ≥2 types of antibiotics and the frequency of antibiotic usage being higher than the number of patients.bNS = not significant (p>0.05)cQuinolones, macrolides and nitroimidazolesdThere were no changes in the prices of antibiotics, other drugs or hospital services during the study period.eData are expressed as the mean values.