A musculoskeletal model for simulations that involve high hip and knee flexion

Existing “off-the-shelf” musculoskeletal models are problematic when simulating movements that involve substantial hip and knee flexion, such as the upstroke of pedalling, because they tend to generate excessive passive fibre force. The goal of this project was to develop a refined musculoskeletal model capable of simulating pedalling and fast running, in addition to walking, which predicts the activation patterns of muscles better than existing models. We refined the OpenSimTM model published by Rajagopal et al. (2016) by increasing the model’s range of knee flexion, updating the paths of the knee muscles, and modifying the force-generating properties of eleven muscles. Simulations of pedalling, running and walking based on this model reproduced measured EMG activity better than simulations based on the existing model  even when both models tracked the same subject-specific kinematics. Improvements in the predicted activations were associated with decreases in the net passive momentsThe refined model is suitable for analysing movements with up to 120 degrees of hip flexion and 140 degrees of knee flexion. <br/><br/>This project includes the following software/data packages: <br/> <ul> <li> <a href="https://simtk.org/frs?group_id=1302#pack_1964">Refined musculoskeletal models </a> : Contains three generic musculoskeletal models which are suitable for analysing movements with up to 120 degrees of hip flexion and 140 degrees of knee flexion </li> </ul>

现有的现成肌肉骨骼模型在模拟涉及显著髋部和膝部屈曲的运动时存在问题，例如踩踏时的上划动作，因为这些模型往往会产生过量的被动纤维力。本项目的目标是开发一个精细化的肌肉骨骼模型，能够模拟踩踏、快速奔跑以及行走等动作，其预测肌肉激活模式的能力优于现有模型。我们通过增加模型的膝关节屈曲范围、更新膝关节肌肉的路径以及修改十一块肌肉的力生成特性，对Rajagopal等人于2016年发表的OpenSimTM模型进行了精细化。基于此模型进行的踩踏、奔跑和行走模拟，其复制的测量到的肌电图（EMG）活动性优于基于现有模型的模拟——即使两者都跟踪了相同的特定于受试者的运动学。预测激活度的提升与净被动力矩的降低相关。该精细化模型适用于分析至多120度髋部屈曲和140度膝关节屈曲的运动。本项目包含以下软件/数据包：

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<li>精炼的肌肉骨骼模型 <a href="https://simtk.org/frs?group_id=1302#pack_1964">链接</a>：包含三个通用的肌肉骨骼模型，适用于分析至多120度髋部屈曲和140度膝关节屈曲的运动</li>
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