Human and mouse gut microbiome sequencing datasets related to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and immune-related adverse events.

This project includes human and mouse gut microbiome sequencing datasets investigating the role of the microbiome in the development of immune-related adverse events (irAE) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) efficacy.The human dataset consists of shotgun metagenomic sequencing data from fecal samples of patients with non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma treated with ICI. Samples were collected at baseline, prior to ICI initiation and before the onset of irAEs. These data support analyses of baseline microbiome taxonomic composition of cancer patient to assess predictive potential for irAE development and associations with treatment efficacy.The mouse dataset contains 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4 region) sequencing data from fecal samples of tumor-bearing mice that received fecal microbiota transfer (FMT) from a lung cancer patient who developed immune-related colitis. All mice, including water-treated controls, were pretreated with antibiotics. Fecal samples were collected four weeks after FMT, corresponding to the time after the second ICI administration. These data provide complementary insights into the contribution of the gut microbiome to irAE pathogenesis in the context of cancer immunotherapy.