Combined flow and nutrient management mitigate complex phytoplankton bloom responses in Three Gorges Reservoir, China

Monthly environmental data used as forcing inputs for Ecosim simulations of Gaoyang Lake, Three Gorges Reservoir, China. Date range: January 2011 to December 2021. Temporal resolution: monthly. Variable Description Unit year Calendar year. none month Month of year, from 1 to 12. none water_temp Monthly water temperature °C gaoyang_scaled_velocity_m_s Monthly velocity estimate for Gaoyang Lake m s⁻¹ TP_mg_L Monthly total phosphorus concentration mg L⁻¹ TP_rel Dimensionless nutrient-loading multiplier. Calculated as TP_rel = TP_mg_L / 0.08181252, where 0.08181252 mg L⁻¹ is the baseline total phosphorus concentration used in the model. Values below 1 represent lower-than-baseline nutrient availability, while values above 1 represent higher-than-baseline nutrient availability. dimensionless Notes Details on data sources, missing values and processing are provided in the manuscript and Appendix S1.